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=== Naungan Kelompok Autokratik-Jenayah (Patronage) === Struktur ini diketuai oleh seorang penaung (''patron'') daripada kelompok autokratik yang memegang autoriti dalam institusi politik atau agensi kerajaan. Kepimpinan kelompok ini lazimnya diterajui oleh pegawai tinggi pasukan keselamatan (seperti polis dan tentera) yang menjalin pakatan dengan organisasi jenayah terancang (Söyler, 2015).
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